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:''For other people named Bashir Ahmad, see the Bashir Ahmad navigation page'' Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad () (12 January 1889 – 8 November 1965), was Khalifatul Masih II ((アラビア語:''khalīfatul masīh al-thāni'' ,خليفة المسيح الثاني)), head of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community and the eldest son to survive to adulthood of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad from his second wife, Nusrat Jahan Begum. He was elected as the second successor of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad on 14 March 1914 at the age of 25, the day after the death of his predecessor Hakeem Noor-ud-Din.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=The Fadl-i-'Umar Foundation )〕 He is known for establishing virtually the entire organisational structure of the community (including five Auxiliary Organisations), improvement of its administration, a ten volume commentary of the Qur'an, formally establishing the ''Majlis al-Shura'' (Consultative Council), and directing extensive missionary activity outside the subcontinent of India (and later Pakistan). He was a renowned orator and was also an active political figure especially in pre-independence India. He was also one of the founding members and the first president of the All India Kashmir Committee set up for the establishment of the civil rights of Kashmiri Muslims. Following the Partition of India and the creation of Pakistan in 1947, he carefully oversaw the safe migration of Ahmadis from Qadian to the newly found state, initially settling in Lahore and then a year later building a town on a tract of arid and mountainous land bought by the community which now became its new headquarters and was named Rabwah. Mahmood Ahmad is regarded by the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community as the ''Musleh Maood'' (Promised Reformer) and the "Promised Son" that Mirza Ghulam Ahmad foretold God would bestow upon him.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Hazrat Musleh Mau'ood, Khalifatul Masih II, in the Eyes of Non-Ahmadies )〕 ==Birth and Early Life== Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad was born to Mirza Ghulam Ahmad and Nusrat Jahan Begum on 12 January 1889 in Qadian, Punjab, India, the same year in which Ghulam Ahmad founded the Ahmadiyya Movement. Accounts of his early childhood describe him to be playful and carefree.〔(Swaneh Fazle Umar )〕 However, due to excessive illness Mahmood Ahmad was unable to attend to secondary education. During his youth, he remained an active member in the service of his father's Movement by founding a journal entitled ''Tash-heezul Azhaan'' and accompanied him on many of his journeys.〔(A Brief History of Ahmadiyya Movement in Islam: His Upbringing )〕 In 1907, he claimed to have been taught the commentary of Surah Al-Fatiha, the opening chapter of the Qur'an by an angel, by way of a vision. According to Mahmood Ahmad, this vision signified that God had placed the knowledge of the Qur'an in his mind in the form of a seed. From that point forward, he is said to have been granted special knowledge of the commentary of the Qur'an.〔Al-Mau'ud, Anwar-ul-Ulum, Vol.17 p.570〕 On 26 May 1908 Mirza Ghulam Ahmad died in Lahore when Mahmood Ahmad was 19 years old. The next day on 27 May 1908, Mahmood Ahmad gave the oath of allegiance to Hakeem Noor-ud-Din, the first successor of Ghulam Ahmad. After the passing of his father, Mahmood Ahmad continued to study the Quran, Sahih Bukhari, the Masnavi and some medicine under the tutelage of Noor-ud-Din, with whom he developed a close friendship. Noor-ud-Din would eventually become one of the leading influences in Mahmood's life. He also began writing articles for various periodicals for the Community and would often engage himself in theological debates with various scholars of the Community. In July 1911, He was appointed as "Ameer" of Jamat e Ahmadiyya Multan by Khalifahtul Masih I. Mahmood Ahmad visited Egypt and Arabia in September 1912 during the course of which he performed Hajj. Upon his return to Qadian in June 1913, he started a newspaper, titled ''Al-Fazl''.〔''(Al-Fazl )''〕 Within the Community, the newspaper serves as a vehicle for the moral upbringing of its members, preaching Islam and the preservation of history of the Community. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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